Novena To Our Lady Of Kazan (Healer of eye diseases) (July 13 - July 21)

Note: Due to the length of this Novena, you are asked to pray at least two of the following prayers on a daily basis for nine days, saying different prayers each day. Or you may say all the prayers each day if time permits you to do so.

Prayer of introduction:

O Wondrous Hope of the sightless,
you gave birth to the Savior Who Himself gave sight to the blind
and poured light into the darkness,
and so we beseech you to look upon us with great pity.
Even though our vision is fading,
we see clearly that you work wonders
for those who love your Redeemer Son
and who hasten to the abundance of your maternal care.
We therefore cry aloud with confidence in your compassion
for those who are afflicted with eye diseases:

Rejoice, Our Lady of Kazan, healer of eye diseases
and giver of illumination.

Prayer:

We pray for eyes to see that Jesus Christ is the Way,
to behold the image of God in one another,
to perceive the needs of the unfortunate,
and to watch in prayer over the entire world.
Grant us a sacred vision of life, O Virgin of Kazan,
and illuminate our earthly passage to the Heavenly Kingdom.
Although we come together in dimness,
we see your kindness piercing the grim clouds
that obscure our sight,
and we humbly offer you these praises:

Rejoice, Birthgiver of the Light of the world.
Rejoice, for Christ has called us out of the darkness.
Rejoice, Handmaid of the God Who said, “Let there be light.”
Rejoice, for the Gospel has shone across the land.
Rejoice, Queen of Heaven and Mother of Salvation.
Rejoice, for Christ is the Light upon our path.
Rejoice, Mary full of grace and blessed among women.
Rejoice, for unceasing prayer glows within the Church.
Rejoice, Gracious Lady who hears the plea of the multitude.
Rejoice, for the lowly cherish your miraculous icon.
Rejoice, and bring us the glad news of deliverance,
that we may bless the Lord at all times.
Rejoice, and gather us as faithful ones,
that we may praise God to the ends of the earth.
Rejoice, Our Lady of Kazan, healer of eye diseases
and giver of illumination.

Prayer:

Brethren, let us live in holiness even though we are blind,
or though we are afflicted with maladies of the eye
which impair our vision and threaten gloom.
Let us heed the Psalmist who says,
“The Lord opens the eyes of the blind;
the Lord raises those who are bowed down;
the Lord loves the righteous.”
Everyone is subject to travail in this troubled world,
but if we acquire trust and humility,
and if we follow the teachings of Jesus Christ,
then we are already triumphant over our frailties
and victorious over all misfortune,
and we can truly say: Alleluia.

Prayer:

May we sin no more in thought, word, or deed
as we turn to you, Our Lady of Kazan,
and implore you to enlighten our blindness
and cleanse our eyes of all impurities.
You only are the Mother of God
and the fullness of faithful womanhood and love.
You only are the Mother of Life
and the richness of devoted discipleship and truth.
You only are the Virgin Mother,
eternally adept at lifting up mankind
with your plentiful aid and perpetual mediation.
Hence, we gratefully praise you with words such as these:

Rejoice, Mother of John the Theologian who leaned on Christ.
Rejoice, for love was seen in God made flesh.
Rejoice, Mother of the Apostles who evangelized peoples.
Rejoice, for truth was seen in virtuous conduct.
Rejoice, Mother of Saint Mary of Egypt who repented in the desert.
Rejoice, for liberty was seen in joyful sorrow.
Rejoice, Mother of Saint Seraphim of Sarov who saved thousands.
Rejoice, for tranquility was seen in the will of God.
Rejoice, Mother of Saint Monica, mother of Saint Augustine.
Rejoice, for victory was seen in intercessory prayer.
Rejoice, and bring us the glad news of deliverance,
that we may bless the Lord at all times.
Rejoice, and gather us as faithful ones,
that we may praise God to the ends of the earth.
Rejoice, Our Lady of Kazan, healer of eye diseases
and giver of illumination.
 

Prayer:

We see that Jesus Christ healed the blind man, Bartimaeus,
who is known by name for his faith
and who cried out unreservedly,
“Master, let me receive my sight.”
We who are stricken with diseases of the eye
are also in need of divine aid:
together with forgiveness seventy times seven
for not seeing Christ for Who He is
or loving Him for His Incarnation and Crucifixion.
We are already the recipients of undeserved salvation but,
in recognition of our total dependence upon God for everything,
including vision and witness,
we thank Him for “all His ways”
and say: Alleluia.

Prayer:

In like manner, O Wondrous Hope of the Sightless,
you healed two blind men when your holy icon
was carried to the Church of Saint Nicholas
in the land of Russia.
On the wayside was Joseph,
who had been blind for three years
but who was aware of the procession passing by,
and you restored his sight.
Then, there was Nikita whom you healed inside the church
where he hailed the arrival of your Kazan icon.
Many people, including unbelievers, then prayed,
“Queen of Heaven, help, enlighten, heal.”
We also appeal to you today
as we pour out these heartfelt praises:

Rejoice, complete compassion.
Rejoice, mighty mediation.
Rejoice, pure pity.
Rejoice, sacred sympathy.
Rejoice, dependable deliverance.
Rejoice, reliable rescue.
Rejoice, bountiful benevolence.
Rejoice, gracious goodwill.
Rejoice, miraculous mercy.
Rejoice, constant kindness.
Rejoice, and bring us the glad news of deliverance,
that we may bless the Lord at all times.
Rejoice, and gather us as faithful ones,
that we may praise God to the ends of the earth.
Rejoice, Our Lady of Kazan, healer of eye diseases
and giver of illumination.

Prayer:

How can we ask for more,
since we have been forgiven of sins
and become heirs to the Kingdom of Heaven?
We have been supplied with food and clothing,
with Bibles and icons, with family and friends,
with trees and rivers, and with spiritual gifts and talents.
Yet, in our gratitude and trust,
we naturally turn to God for all provision.
And, we turn to His holy Mother in rightful recognition
of her solicitude for the children of God
and for the whole universe.
We pray to know and to see abundant and amazing grace,
as we continue to say: Alleluia.

Prayer:

O Beloved Mother of God,
as a young woman you compliantly
offered yourself to the Holy Spirit,
and we likewise offer ourselves
to your service and at your discretion.
We entreat your prayers
that the will of God be done in our lives:
to His glory, for the sake of the Kingdom,
to the benefit of those around us,
that we may become witnesses of His mercy,
that we may testify to the world that
“...though I was blind, now I see,”
so that we may indeed see the sun rise
on another day in which to repent
and to offer our praises to you, Our Lady of Kazan:

Rejoice and deliver us from the defects of birth.
Rejoice and save us from the ravages of old age.
Rejoice and repair the results of wounds and accidents.
Rejoice and soothe the effects of wind and dust.
Rejoice and rebuild all weakened biological functions.
Rejoice and reverse all progression of diseases and disorders.
Rejoice and bless our medicines and remedies.
Rejoice and sanctify our visits to doctors.
Rejoice and place your healing hand upon mankind.
Rejoice and shine your health-giving rays over the earth.
Rejoice, and bring us the glad news of deliverance,
that we may bless the Lord at all times.
Rejoice, and gather us as faithful ones,
that we may praise God to the ends of the earth.
Rejoice, Our Lady of Kazan, healer of eye diseases
and giver of illumination.

Prayer:

Our Lord Jesus Christ has said,
“The lamp of the body is the eye.
If therefore your eye is good,
your whole body will be full of light.”
Let us ask for purity of soul and for inward light,
such that our physical eyes will not look upon sin
but will be guided by our spiritual eyes.
It would be better not to have eyes
than to be enticed into worldliness
and to lust after vanities.
Brethren, with or without eyes,
let us direct our attention
to the icon of the Virgin of Kazan,
and we shall never go astray but say: Alleluia.

Prayer:

There are people with eyes who are spiritually blind,
a hundred times blinder than the bodily afflicted and socially isolated.
As the Prophet Isaiah says,
there are those in the darkness of prison.
Yes, in the prisons of their own making,
in the dungeons of their evil doings,
in the camps of their malicious reinforcements.
Let us all devote ourselves to the Mother of God of Kazan
in whom there is no wreckage or ruin,
but only the light of Jesus Christ.
Then, we shall proclaim her honor with fitting praises:

Rejoice, restoration of vision to the humble.
Rejoice, illumination of truth to the meek.
Rejoice, liberation of captives from the prisons of darkness.
Rejoice, elevation of penitents from the dungeons of wickedness.
Rejoice, consolation of monks who keep vigil in the night.
Rejoice, preservation of nuns who watch and pray.
Rejoice, resolution of fathers who discern God’s wonders.
Rejoice, contemplation of mothers who perceive heaven on earth.
Rejoice, transformation of blindness into fruitfulness.
Rejoice, alleviation of distress into gladness.
Rejoice, and deliver us as a humble people,
that we may keep the ways of the Lord.
Rejoice, and make us glad,
that we may worship the Lord in beauty and holiness.
Rejoice, Our Lady of Kazan, healer of eye diseases
and giver of illumination.

Prayer:

Like Blind Bartimaeus, we beg for mercy
and we confess that Jesus Christ is the Messiah
Who has come into the world to save sinners.
We mind not what the world thinks of us.
Let bystanders scoff at us,
let governments try to silence us,
let friends abandon us,
and let their eyes be opened or closed
according to the mercy and wisdom
of the All-Knowing and All-Seeing God.
We impose no mortal limitations upon God’s wonders,
and we make no self-centered demands
upon His condescension.
Let the blind cry out if they yearn for salvation,
setting aside all frustration and bitterness,
and let everyone say: Alleluia.

Prayer:

Whether from the roadside or from the multitude,
and whether inside a church and immersed in prayer
or standing before our icon corner at home:
we call out to you, O Wondrous Hope of the Sightless,
because, like your Son, Jesus Christ,
you notice each person as distinct
and you heal us of our blindness.
The world accuses us of worshipping you as an idol
and placing you above our Savior,
but they are blind as to your submission to God
and your blessedness among women.
We mind not that the world persecutes us,
but only that we shall never be separated from your love
or from the forgiveness of God.
It is therefore meet to bring forth praises:

Rejoice, compliant with God, resisted by the prideful.
Rejoice, for we treasure the fruits of your obedience.
Rejoice, yielding to the Holy Spirit, repelled by false teachers.
Rejoice, for we honor your participation in salvation.
Rejoice, bearing Jesus Christ, resented by the authorities.
Rejoice, for we believe in the Only-Begotten Son of God.
Rejoice, attendant to the blind, ignored by the self-satisfied.
Rejoice, for we are grateful for your illumination.
Rejoice, caretaker of the distressed, shunned by the self-deluded.
Rejoice, for we give thanks for your loving-kindness.
Rejoice, and deliver us as a humble people,
that we may keep the ways of the Lord.
Rejoice, and make us glad,
that we may worship the Lord in beauty and holiness.
Rejoice, Our Lady of Kazan, healer of eye diseases
and giver of illumination.

Prayer:

Let us listen to the words of Jesus Christ,
“And why do you look at the speck in your brother’s eye,
but do not consider the plank in your own eye?”
It behooves us to look inward in acknowledgement
of our own sinfulness and indebtedness,
and leave all judgment to the Sovereign God
Who knows the heart of each individual.
Brethren, let us take up our cross daily
and die to the world.
If we are granted our sight,
then that is ample compensation for any injuries
we may have incurred at the hands of others.
We rejoice even now,
with confidence in God’s righteousness,
and we say: Alleluia.

Prayer:

O Mother of God of Kazan,
we pray to see the world as you see it:
with both reality and mercy,
serving the Church and all mankind,
pleasing God in all things,
and trusting in whatever He sees fit for our salvation.
We pray to see our way each morning,
asking our Father in Heaven for our daily bread,
and thus enduring to the end.
O holy Theotokos (Mother of God),
we bow before you and thank you
for looking upon us with eyes of maternal tenderness.
We beg you to accept our praises today and always:

Rejoice, and banish all irritation and pressure from our eyes.
Rejoice, and rid all worry and dread from our thoughts.
Rejoice, that we awake to brightness and clarity.
Rejoice, that we arise with faith and vitality.
Rejoice, and expel all blind spots from our vision.
Rejoice, and purge all despair and grief from our feelings.
Rejoice, that we end each day in peace and simplicity.
Rejoice, that we finish our time with gratitude and charity.
Rejoice, and dissolve the plank out of our transgressions.
Rejoice, that we may look upon the purity of your icon.
Rejoice, and deliver us as a humble people,
that we may keep the ways of the Lord.
Rejoice, and make us glad,
that we may worship the Lord in beauty and holiness.
Rejoice, Our Lady of Kazan, healer of eye diseases
and giver of illumination.

Prayer:

Find us worthy, O Wondrous Hope of the Sightless,
find us worthy though unworthy
of your patience and illumination.
Have mercy upon us in our deep sorrow,
and accept our repentance even at the eleventh hour.
Do not allow Satan to consume us in our anguish,
but spread your health-giving garment
over our diseased bodies
and restore us to wholeness.
Give us this opportunity to begin anew,
to stand at the foot of the Cross,
to peer into the empty tomb,
to witness of the Resurrection,
and to live out the remainder of our life saying: Alleluia.

Prayer:

May we be counted among those who lived for God
and did everything to His glory.
May we heed the perseverance of the Apostles Peter and Paul,
the fidelity of John the Theologian,
the commitment of the myrrhbearing women,
the loyalty of Mary Magdalene,
the conviction of the Apostle Thomas,
and the rising of Tabitha.
Let us rise up from our sicknesses of body and soul,
that we might worship eternally in the house of the Lord,
and sing praises to the Virgin of Kazan
with honesty and lucidity:

Rejoice, for the Cross is life-giving.
Rejoice, for Christ is Risen.
Rejoice, for today is sufficient.
Rejoice, for love is everlasting.
Rejoice, for the Church is holy.
Rejoice, for the desert is sacred.
Rejoice, for your eye is single.
Rejoice, for your heart is pure.
Rejoice, for our repentance is genuine.
Rejoice, for our devotion is sincere.
Rejoice, and deliver us as a humble people,
that we may keep the ways of the Lord.
Rejoice, and make us glad,
that we may worship the Lord in beauty and holiness.
Rejoice, Our Lady of Kazan,
healer of eye diseases and giver of illumination.

Prayer:

If we have ever turned our back to you,
O Beloved Mother of God,
or flaunted our bad habits in front of you,
we beseech your unfathomable forgiveness
and your profound mercy upon our wretched state.
We so quickly forget our resolve
and become hardened.
We crudely overlook your acts of kindness in the past
and feel unsure about your faithfulness
toward us in the present,
for we measure your compassion by worldly attitudes and reactions.
However, your love is endless, not to be tested or tempted,
but to be cherished as we are continually formed
into holiness of life.
And to this we all say: Alleluia.

Prayer:

We implore you to heal us of all our infirmities,
including those of which we are unaware
but which impede our spiritual growth
or which cause distress to our loved ones.
We are saturated with worldliness,
we are weary and exhausted,
and yet we have many miles to travel
before we reach our journey’s end.
O Our Lady of Kazan, for our sake
and for the sake of those who depend upon us,
for the sake of mercy,
for the sake of conquering the devil,
for the sake of being true to the True Light
which you brought into the world,
we ask for pity as we cry out these praises to you: Rejoice, for we repent of our worldly motivations.
Rejoice, with your aid we shall arise to worthy endeavors.
Rejoice, for we discard our hollow satisfactions.
Rejoice, with your help we shall acquire heavenly treasures.
Rejoice, for we renounce our twisted manipulations.
Rejoice, with your direction we shall trust in God.
Rejoice, for we loathe our ungrateful negligence.
Rejoice, with your care we shall pray unceasingly.
Rejoice, for we despise our corrupted tendencies.
Rejoice, with your protection we shall acquire a clean heart.
Rejoice, and keep us among the living,
that we may meditate on the mighty deeds of God.
Rejoice, and help and comfort us,
that we may lift up our souls to the Lord.
Rejoice, Our Lady of Kazan, healer of eye diseases
and giver of illumination.

Prayer:

We see that the apostles had both physical
and spiritual sight, as the Gospel says:
“When He was at table with them,
He took bread and blessed,
and broke it, and gave it to them.
And their eyes were opened
and they recognized Him;
and He vanished out of their sight.”
Therefore, brethren, let us pray
primarily for spiritual sight to see Jesus Christ
and to live accordingly,
and secondarily for physical sight
to see the created world
and to appreciate its purpose and beauty.
In all instances, let us go forth
and say to one another
and to all the world: Alleluia.

Prayer:

O Wondrous Hope of the Sightless,
you are indeed the hope of those who need merciful care
with the activities of daily living.
Whether we are praying or working,
whether attending to others
or whether we ourselves are the recipients of assistance,
whether we are still young or grown old,
whether we have lived a profitable life
or whether we have taken wrong turns:
each one of us implores you today
for fulfillment of the needs
which currently impair our ability
to function in this world
and to maintain our responsibilities.
This we have in common,
as we hasten to your holy icon
and offer you our earnest praises:

Rejoice, wonderful wellbeing of Christians.
Rejoice, blessed benefactress of monasteries.
Rejoice, superb starlight to nations.
Rejoice, peaceful paradise to pilgrims.
Rejoice, righteous radiance upon teachings.
Rejoice, virtuous veil upon churches.
Rejoice, holy healing for penitents.
Rejoice, amazing aid for unfortunates.
Rejoice, loveliest lilac at dawn.
Rejoice, reddest rose at twilight.
Rejoice, and keep us among the living,
that we may meditate on the mighty deeds of God.
Rejoice, and help and comfort us,
that we may lift up our souls to the Lord.
Rejoice, Our Lady of Kazan, healer of eye diseases
and giver of illumination.

Prayer:

May the day not be darkened,
and may the night be illuminated through you,
Mother of God of Kazan, through Jesus Christ,
such that we will be ready to see
when the time is right for us to see.
Then, every minute that we see
and for everything that we look upon,
we will thank you for the vision of life
which you have bestowed upon us:
a vision into salvation
and pointing the way to the Kingdom of Heaven.
Help us to see the things that are good for us,
and blind us to the things
that will lead us to destruction.
Henceforth, may we be thankful for eyes
that are opened to holiness
as well as closed to wickedness,
so that we may always say: Alleluia.

Prayer:

Let us recall Saint Matrona the Blind of Moscow
who was born blind and who remained blind all her life,
even though she was blessed by God
to heal the infirmities of others.
She possessed a heavenly vision of life,
filled with understanding and mercy,
and she was devoted to the Virgin Mary.
Saint Matrona never complained,
but found contentment in the gifts which God gave her.
She served mankind within her capacity,
thereby working out her own salvation
as well as building up the Church of Christ.
Likewise, let us fulfill all holiness
and dedicate ourselves to you,
the Mother of God,
singing praises such as these:

Rejoice, because of you, there is inextinguishable light.
Rejoice, for our darkness is thereby dispelled.
Rejoice, because of you, the Name of Christ is invoked.
Rejoice, for our sinfulness is thereby shattered.
Rejoice, because of you, there is boldness in prayer.
Rejoice, for we thereby defeat every evil.
Rejoice, because of you, humility is prized among us.
Rejoice, for we thereby lift up one another.
Rejoice, because of you, there is a Queen of all.
Rejoice, for Saint Matrona thereby saw your beauty.
Rejoice, and keep us among the living,
that we may meditate on the mighty deeds of God.
Rejoice, and help and comfort us,
that we may lift up our souls to the Lord.
Rejoice, Our Lady of Kazan, healer of eye diseases
and giver of illumination.

Prayer:

We believe in one God,
because there is only one God,
as the Prophet Isaiah reports,
“Look to Me, and be saved, all you ends of the earth!
For I am God, and there is no other.”
We believe there is no other God,
and no other Mother of God but you,
the most holy Theotokos (Mother of God),
and we therefore supplicate you as the Mother of all.
We look to God and we look to you,
with eyes that seek and find,
with legs that walk on the straight path,
with hands that assist neighbors and strangers,
and with hearts that pray unceasingly.
We implore you to find us acceptable though unacceptable,
worthy though unworthy,
and suitable though unsuitable.
In this way, we may always and forever say: Alleluia.

Prayer:

Even now, we begin to see, O Our Lady of Kazan,
because we see our hidden sins
and we see Jesus Christ hanging on the Cross
for these very sins.
There is nothing more essential to see,
because in this we see the story of mankind
and the ultimate victory of good over evil
and of light over darkness.
Therefore, with Joseph and Nikita
and the multitude we beseech you,
“Queen of Heaven, help, enlighten, heal,”
in every way that is conducive to salvation and victory.
Let us finish our earthly journey
in wholeness of being and purity of soul,
conquering every form of evil and darkness,
as we bring praises to you until our last breath:

Rejoice, cause of gladness for those who have eye conditions.
Rejoice, for we submit ourselves to your compassionate care.
Rejoice, cause of victory for those in darkness.
Rejoice, for we are illuminated by your excellent brightness.
Rejoice, reason for hope among the multitude.
Rejoice, for you attend to each person’s needs.
Rejoice, reason for valor among the lost.
Rejoice, for you spread light to the last and least.
Rejoice, cause of spiritual and bodily health.
Rejoice, reason for immeasurable and untarnished wealth.
Rejoice, and keep us among the living,
that we may meditate on the mighty deeds of God.
Rejoice, and help and comfort us,
that we may lift up our souls to the Lord.
Rejoice, Our Lady of Kazan, healer of eye diseases
and giver of illumination.

Prayer:

O Wondrous Hope of the Sightless,
may your eyes be our eyes,
for your vision is acceptable to God
and we shall likewise be found acceptable.
Nobody who prays to you will ever be cast away
to the devices of evil
or into the pit of desperation.
Rather, we shall arise with the strength of the Gospel
and carry our cross with gladness and confidence.
Everyone is therefore equipped to live fully
and to see clearly, and to say:
Alleluia. Alleluia. Alleluia.

Prayer:

O Wondrous Hope of the Sightless,
you gave birth to the Savior Who Himself gave sight to the blind
and poured light into the darkness,
and so we beseech you to look upon us with great pity.
Even though our vision is fading,
we see clearly that you work wonders
for those who love your Redeemer Son
and who hasten to the abundance of your maternal care.
We therefore cry aloud with confidence in your compassion
for those who are afflicted with eye diseases:

Rejoice, Our Lady of Kazan, healer of eye diseases
and giver of illumination.

Prayer:

We pray for eyes to see that Jesus Christ is the Way,
to behold the image of God in one another,
to perceive the needs of the unfortunate,
and to watch in prayer over the entire world.
Grant us a sacred vision of life, O Virgin of Kazan,
and illuminate our earthly passage to the Heavenly Kingdom.
Although we come together in dimness,
we see your kindness piercing the grim clouds
that obscure our sight,
and we humbly offer you these praises:

Rejoice, Birthgiver of the Light of the world.
Rejoice, for Christ has called us out of the darkness.
Rejoice, Handmaid of the God Who said, “Let there be light.”
Rejoice, for the Gospel has shone across the land.
Rejoice, Queen of Heaven and Mother of Salvation.
Rejoice, for Christ is the Light upon our path.
Rejoice, Mary full of grace and blessed among women.
Rejoice, for unceasing prayer glows within the Church.
Rejoice, Gracious Lady who hears the plea of the multitude.
Rejoice, for the lowly cherish your miraculous icon.
Rejoice, and bring us the glad news of deliverance,
that we may bless the Lord at all times.
Rejoice, and gather us as faithful ones,
that we may praise God to the ends of the earth.
Rejoice, Our Lady of Kazan, healer of eye diseases
and giver of illumination.

Closing Prayer:

May our prayer be heard from the pain which brings hope
and from the darkness which brings the sunrise.
We have a God Who inspires faith in mysterious ways,
and we therefore accept His loving guidance with gratitude.
O Our Lady of Kazan, if it brings us closer to you,
then we are pleased to have diseases of the eye.
If it enables us to increase in fruitfulness,
then we are glad to be healed of our afflictions.
May the will of God be done,
and may we pray unfailingly throughout our life.
Thank you, most holy Theotokos (Mother of God),
for letting us behold you even for a moment,
and we pray to behold you throughout all eternity.

Amen.

[This Akathist relied heavily on use of the Psalms, including Ps. 18:21, Ps. 18:27, Ps. 34:1, Ps. 40:9, Ps. 48:10, Ps. 50:5, Ps. 66:9, Ps. 77:12, Ps. 86:4, Ps. 86:17, Ps. 92:15, Ps. 96:9 — RSV]

Disclaimer: This Akathist was written as a matter of personal faith and historical reports. This Akathist is not a substitute for or alternative to medical treatment. The author does not and cannot guarantee healing of or improvement in any physical or psychological conditions of the eye or of any part of the body or mind. If this Akathist is read as a prayer, then such a standpoint is within the context of the reader’s personal approach to God and the reader’s belief system. The author is not responsible for the use or misuse of this Akathist.

[Copyright © 2015 by Natalia J. Garland; Batch 111, Version 3; This material may be reprinted and redistributed for personal and non-profit uses only.]